BYLLIAT, Kseh (Krem)

(Saipung - IN)
25.428500,92.601800
Grottocenter / carte

Description

Herbert Daniel Gebauer - 06/01/2018

Not only the sickle shaped (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat) cave entrance, which faces east (ARBENZ, T 2012: 198) and may be represented by a possibly crescent-shaped rift gap (entrance 1), but also the two adjacent collapse entrances 3 (10 m by 2 m wide) and entrance 4 (18 m by 4 m wide), which seem to be guided by joints (geological disturbances) and descend for an estimated 5 m down and intersect an initially more or less horizontal, on average about 3.5 m wide and 4 m high cave passage (note 1) that drains a stream which enters the cave passage at a sump in the south-west, flows north-east, and rises from the cave at a resurgence (entrance 2). Little doubt remains that Krem Bylliat (Kseh) is as a seasonal stream cave which drains towards the Kopili River and is hydrographically linked with Krem Labit (Kseh) from which it is physically disjuncted for human sized creepers by sumps (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). Judging from digital photographs, which where taken iside the cave but carried out of it and eventually to Europe, this stream cave contains wading deep water, gour dams and rimstone pools. The cave plan (Thomas Arbenz, T 2008 March, undated) indicates the presence of speleothems (stalactites, stalagmites). ETYMOLOGY: The initially recorded cave name Krem Bliat, Ksen Village - Kopli Area, Samassi (Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss) is problematic (note 2) but the Khasi -ka dieng bylliat- (noun, feminine) is the name for the gum tree and -u dieng bylliat- (noun, masculine) signifies a hard wood used as posts (SINGH, N 1906: 67). SETTING: Both the cave entrance to this Krem Bylliat and the village of Kseh fall on the area administered by the Gram Sewak Circle, re-named from village panchayat (note 3), of Pala (N25°24'45”: E092°34'10” WGS84). Krem Bylliat … having several openings … is situated in the boundary of two major rock formations, nearer to one of the main tributary of river Kopili. … Krem Bylliat (N 25°25'42.70”: E 2°36'06.50” (WGS84); altitude 732 m above sea level) is situated in Pala-range of Jaintia Hills within 50 m of the banks of the River Kopili. … The northern entrance (Entrance 2) of the cave is located at the base of a 3 m deep doline which is densely vegetated by bamboo trees (BISWAS, J & HARRIES, D B 2011). SITUATION 2008: Elsewhere in Semasi [sic!] (BROWN & BROOKS 2008: 16). SITUATION 2006: In an unspecified setting and at an unspecified location (note 4) to west of track to Krem Labit (Kseh) is a small area of jungle amongst cultivated fields (Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss: Krem Bliat). Simon J. Brooks (2006 undated Mss amendments to Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss): cared to think up a certain Ksen village - Kopli area: Samassi (sic! for: Kseh village - Kopili area - Samasi) while JARRATT (2006: 16) placed the whole cave simply in the Semmassi [sic!] area near the remote villages of Pala and Kseh. POSITION 2006: Dolines 25°25'42.7”N: 92°36'06.5”E: 732 asl (WGS84, A. Boycott 2006.02.26, GPS Garmin Map 76CS) repeated asKrem Bylliat N 25°25'42.70”; E 92°36'06.50” (WGS84); altitude 732 m above sea level (BISWAS, J & HARRIES, D B 2011: 460). POSITION 2008: Exsurgence 25°25'49.5”N: 92°36'13.5”E: 730 m asl (WGS84, Anonymous R. Hapka? undated 2008.02.14). APPROACH 2011 (after Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat: Location): From the St. Joseph church (near 25°25’24.0”N: 92°35’32.9”E: circa 880 m asl) in the village Kseh (Arbenz, T 2010.03.31 map Pala_Ridge_4-10.pdf quadrangle 83-C/11.4.05) take the Shaktiman-track (in bad condition 2009) down to the football pitch. At the NE end of the pitch (25°25’30.2”N: 92°35’55.4”E) a footpath leads steeply down NE towards the Kopili River. After about 10 mins walk one reaches a level area covered by a meadow and garden (25°25’35.0”N: 92°36’09.5”E). Traverse this on the footpath to the NE corner and continue walking downward. After another 10 mins on foot one reaches the the orographically lft bank of the Kopili River. Alternatively, the same spot can be reached with the help of a 4WD vehicle by driving along the 4WD track which runs from opposite the Kseh village church down to the Kopili. Here follow the footpath along the river in a northerly direction. Rely / follow on GPS position 25°25’42.7”N: 92°36’06.5”E to get to the cave entrance. It lies just below the path in a ditch which was thickly overgrown in February 2008 but had been recently cleared in February 2011 when cave entrance was visible from the Krem Labit Kseh footpath (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat: entrance description). APPROACH 2006 (after -Yorkshire- Dave Hodgson 2006.02.26 map: Samassi Recci 2006): From the village of Kseh (N25°25'27”: E092°35'55” WGS84), which lies at a linear distance of 6.2 km (corresponding to estimated travelling distance of 15 km or 20 km there and back again) east-north-east (ENE) from the village of Samasi (note 5), the cave entrance to Krem Bliat (sic!) is reache by walking some 550 m in a north-easterly direction along a footpath via what -Yorkshire Dave- Hodgson immediately identified as a Foot Ball Pitch (cricket grounds 25°25'30”N: 92°35'55”E: 853 m asl) and then slightly downhill to a fork (25°25'36.4”N: 92°36'10.8”E: 750 m asl) where one has to turn north-west (left) before contouring along a footpath (550 m in a direct line) to the cave entrance of Krem Labit (25°25'53.6”N: 92°36'06.2”E: 753 m asl) from where the cave entrance to Krem Bliat (sic!) lies 337.3 m in a direct line due south but some 20 m higher up. CAVE DESCRIPTION 2011b: Krem Bylliat … The northern entrance (Entrance 2) of the cave is located at the base of a 3 m deep doline which is densely vegetated by bamboo trees. The cave begins as a phreatic tube; the passage floor from the entrance (Entrance 2) to the end of twilight zone is laterally divided into two parts. On the left the floor is dry and mostly covered by flowstone deposits whereas on the right thereis a stream bedded by mud-clay, alluvial gravel and sandstone pebbles. The structure of the cave passage deeper within the cave remains broadly similar to this entrance area. A small stream from the river tributary flows continuously through the cave and it appears that significant flooding occurs on a seasonal basis. About ~40 m within the cave from Entrance 2 there is a deep (approx. 2 m) canal. The twilight zone ends at this canal because three consecutive rimstone dams cross the canal and come sufficiently close to the ceiling to cut out the remaining light. Beyond the canal and dams the passage becomes considerably larger. At about 300 m within the cave there are three additional openings to the surface with associated twilight zones. Beyond these entrances the passage continues through areas with prominent calcite dripstone formations suspended from the ceiling before terminating at a sump at the southern end of the accessible cave (BISWAS, J & HARRIES, D B 2011). CAVE DESCRIPTIN 2011a: A sickle-shaped or, perhaps, crescent-shaped, east facing cave entrance (3.5 m wide and 4 m high) and resurgence, which is characterised by some water and a rounded ledge on a N-wall, gives access to a seasonal stream cave passage which contains gours (rimstone dams and pools) and other kinds of beautiful to look at secondary calcite formations (speleothems). The second cave entrance (about 400 m on foot from the first cave entrance at the resurgence) is a relatively big opening represents an intermediate cave entrance (note 6). The cave passage terminates after about 600 m in a sump where several attempts of penetration failed in February 2011 (modified after Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2008a: On February fourteen, I team up with the Hapka couple to explore and draw up maps of a new grotto located during a previous expedition: Krem Bliat. Martine had done very little caving and certainly never took part in an expedition. On this one day she was appy (as we were too) to discover some 300 meters of beautiful gallery and to carry out a through cave. A gift that was certainly not envisaged or expected, but what a gift! It was enough to satisfy many European cavers (Bartholeyns 2008 undated Mss: Incredible Meghalaya). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2008b: Première surprise à Krem Bliat : dès la zone d’entrée partiellement effondrée franchie, la galerie est bien plus spacieuse qu’annoncé (environ 3x2 m). Deuxième surprise : la résurgence est en fait également une perte, car à un amont intéressant (entrée 4) fait suite un aval spacieux (entrées 1 et 3). Troisième surprise : de magnifiques et inquiétantes mues de serpents ornent le sol du porche aval. Précipitamment, Jean-Pierre et Roman glissent les mues sous des blocs afin qu’elles échappent à la vigilance de Martine. En effet, cette dernière a la phobie des serpents et comme il s’agit de sa première -première-, nous ne voulons pas lui gâcher son plaisir (et le nôtre). Le nom de cette galerie et tout trouvé, mais bien évidemment reste secret pour l’instant. En effet 'galerie des mues' sonne bien plus agréablement que 'galerie des hurlements hystériques'. A in de nous familiariser avec les lieux (et ses habitants) nous décidons d’effectuer une courte reconnaissance dans la galerie aval. Après quelques mètres de passages secs, nous croisons un ruisseau issu d’une issure. L’eau monte juste à la hauteur de nos mâles bottes, alors que Martine bénéficie de son premier bain de pied à l’indienne (petits pieds = petites bottes !). Un premier virage, suivi d’un second, puis un troisième et déjà Martine a disparu, happée par la passion de l’exploration de ce monde inconnu, mystérieux, fascinant, envoûtant, etc. Nous tentons de la stopper afin d’entamer la topographie, mais elle nous annonce fièrement que ça continue! 'Cela fait bien marrer les deux routiniers que nous sommes, même si Jean-Pierre est bien guilleret aussi et fait remarquer qu’en Belgique, il faut creuser des anées pour faire quelques mètres de première et que cela lui fait tout drôle de ne pas frotter le casque contre le plafond. De plus nous ne sommes même pas couverts de boue des pieds à la tête ! De retour à l’entrée 1 -- toujours pas de serpents visibles -- nous entamons la topographie. Quel plaisir que de mesurer et de dessiner dans ces conditions. Il fait 17-18 °C et un léger courant d’air parcourt la galerie qui serpente (oups !) paresseusement de visée de 10 m en visée de 15 m. Le ruisseau glougloute entre nos jambes, s’évasant parfois en vasques et petits lacs et entrecoupés de gours. Et ce n’est qu’après un parcours de plus de 250 m, que nous butons sur un obstacle : un gour de 2 m de haut barre le passage, nécessitant de passer à la natation pour poursuivre. Comme nous n’avons pas de combis néoprènes, Roman se mouille et traverse plusieurs gours pour retrouver le passage sec. Dans le lointain se devine une légère luminosité, qui s’avère être la résurgence proprement dite (entrée2) et jusque là inconnue des spéléos de Krem Bliat. Martine et Jean-Pierre rebroussent chemin et après un quart d’heure, rejoignent Roman par l’extérieur pour compléter la topographie de l’aval et faire quelques photographies. Il est alors temps de rejoindre la jeep, où nous attend un agréable feu de camp préparé par nos amis indiens. L’équipe de Krem Labbit Kseh arrive peu après et annonce la topographie de 250 m de conduits au parcours en rivière assez sportif, fait d’escalades de gours et de sauts dans l’eau. Arrêt sur un croisement d’où partent trois galeries. Voilà une bien belle journée d’exploration, surtout pour Martine qui fête sa première 'première' le jour de la Saint-Valentin (d’où le surnom de la cavité) par une traversée et l’exploration de plus de 300 m de galeries à dimension fort humaine. Le lendemain, le scénario se répète, et les mêmes équipes poursuivent leurs explorations respectives. Première surprise de la journée, Martine, en soulevant une grosse pierre à lentrée de Krem Bliat, découvre avec stupeur des très belles mues de serpents. Mais, étrangement, sa réaction reste assez calme et nous lui annonçons un peu penauds nos agissements du jour précédent. Heureusement, aujourd’hui, nous entamons l’exploration de l’amont, exempt de mues de serpents. Nous remontons le ruisseau en topographiant et débouchons après 80 m dans, selon les propres mots de Martine toujours aussi émerveillée par la découverte : la plus grande salle de toute l’Inde. Stalactites et stalagmites chatoyantes, colonnes et draperies rutilantes scintillent et s’élèvent de toute part sur plus de 15 m de hauteur. Le ruisseau s’écoule d’un petit siphon, nous obligeant à escalader les concrétions pour trouver un passage au sec. La galerie s’élargit de plus en plus, et après 40 m, c’est un véritable boulevard de 5x5 m qui nous tend la main. Ca y est ! jubile Jean-Pierre. Cette fois, c’est sûr, nous sommes partis pour des kilomètres de première. En effet, la galerie donne vraimentl’impression d’être un collecteur avec son sol plat recouvert de galets. Hélas, il nous faut déchanter après seulement 50 m en ligne droite : un plissement des strates entraîne que le conduit plonge tout droit dans un siphon. Un peu dépités par cet arrêt abrupt, mais toutefois heureux d’avoir passé de passionnants moments d’exploration (613 m de topo en deux jours), nous ressortons lentement, en n’oubliant pas de photographier la plus grande salle de l’Inde sous toutes les coutures (Hapka, Roman 2008 in: ARBENZ et al. 2008: 49). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2006a: 5 m scramble down into passage running up & downstream, continues not explored (Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss: Krem Bliat). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2006b: Entrances consist of 2 parallel potholes, 10 m x 2 m & 18 m x 4 m. Estimated 5 m deep (free climbable). These lead to upstream & downstream passages, 3.5 m wide x 4 m high. Sandy floored, aligned 200°

Documents

Bibliography 06/01/2018

Histoire

EXPLORATION HISTORY: 2006.02.26, trip 1: Gripbymon Dkhar (from the village of Samasi) and Raplang Sukhlain (from the village of Shnongrim) guided Simon J. Brooks, Boycott, Antony 'Tony', 'Yorkshire' Dave Hodgson, Matthew 'Matt' Hutson and Katharina 'Kate' Janossy to the cave entrance of Krem Bliat (sic!) which attracted an attention causing 5 min exploration (Boycott 2006.02.26 Mss: Krem Bliat; Brooks, S J 2006 undated Mss amendments to Boycott 2006.02.26 Mss: Krem Bliat). 2008.02.14, trip 2: Roman Hapka, Martine Joye Hapka and Jean-Pierre Bartholeyns … go to Krem Bliat and survey through a ridge to a second entrance. 369.55 m of passage surveyed (Brown et al. 2008 Mss: 'Meghalaya 2008 diary' Thursday 14th February). 2008.02.15, trip 3: Roman, Martine and Jean-Pierre survey the remaining upstream section of Krem Bliat. 243.72m of passage surveyed and the cave fully explored (Brown et al. 2008 Mss: 'Meghalaya 2008 diary' Friday 15th February). BROWN & BROOKS (208: 16) understood that elsewhere in Semasi [sic!], … Krem Bliat [sic!] was surveyed to 613 m in length while Simon J. Brooks & Mark W. Brown in: ARBENZ et al. (2008: 41) repeat L’exploration de deux nouvelles résurgences Krem Labbit Kseh [sic! qua: Krem Labit, Kseh] sur 883 m et Krem Bliat [sic!] sur 613 m. Ces deux cavités aqua tiques se poursuivent but this is only partly the case. Jean-Pierre Bartholeyns (in: ARBENZ et al. 2008: 48) narrates a tale about Un beau cadeau: Le quatorze février, je fais équipe avec le couple Hapka pour explorer et topographier une nouvelle grotte repérée lors de l'expédition précédente (voir récit détaillé ci-dessous) : Krem Bliat. Martine a encore peu pratiqué la spéléo et n'a certainement jamais participé à une expédition. Sur cette seule journée elle a eu (nous aussi d'ailleurs) le plaisir de découvrir quelques 300 m de belle galerie et de réaliser une traversée. Un cadeau certes non prévu et inattendu, mais quel cadeau ! De quoi combler bien ds spéléos chevronnés. De la première comme cadeau de Saint Valentin ce n'est finalement pas fréquent et pour le moins des plus original. 2011.02.09, trip 4: Dr. Manuel Ruedi (Genève, Switzerland) and Dr. Jayant Biswas (Raipur, Chhatisgarh) set bat trap in the entrance (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). Manual [sic] and Jayant installed bat traps [mist nets?] near the [cave] entrance of Krem Byliat [sic!] and succeeded in identifying, among others, one bat, which was not previously reported from Meghalaya (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 9th February 2011, Wednesday).2011.02.09, trip 5: Sawdamut Kharbuki, Melquire Laitphlang, David Cooke and Hellen Brooke video investigating the sump (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). In the afternoon Hellie, Cookie, Barry, Mel and Saw went to Krem Byliat [sic!] where Hellie tried to push the sump, and believes there to be air one body length along, although she did not surface there. This was Saw’s fist caving trip. Mel did some videography in the cave (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc). 2011.02.10, trip 6: Dr. Jayant Biswas performed unspecified biospeleological research (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). 2011.02.16, trip 7: Oana Chachula and Oliver Kube take photographs of the cave (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat) when, in the morning, Oana and Oliver did a quick photo trip in Krem Bylliat (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). 2011.02.19, trip 8: Nicola Bayley and Cdr. Vijay Chhikara (Commander, Indian Navy) take more photographs of the cave (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). The diary draws attention to this quickie and narrates how Nicky and Vijay did a quick photo trip in Krem Bylliat [sic!] (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Saturday 19th Feb 2011). 2011.02.19, trip 9: Peter Glanvill and Angela Glanvill take not only even more hotographs out of the cave but also investigated the sump (Arbenz, T 2011.03.15 Mss: Krem Bylliat). In other words, Peter and Angela G went to Krem Byllliat [sic!]on a photo trip. Pete also had a good look at the sump and got in as far as he dared (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Sunday 20th Feb 2011). 2014.02.05, trip 10: Khlur Mukhim: After leaving his wet dress at the entrance of Krem Labit Kseh, Khlur went alone to Krem Bylliat in search of biological specimens. … As he left the cave a very tiny bat bade him goodbye near the entrance. Around 1 pm, the temperature near the entrance and inside the cave was the same: 16°C. … He took pictures of a big frog with green back [conf. Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875] in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Herbert Daniel Gebauer - 06/01/2018

Cavités proche

Distance (km)NomLongueur (m)Profondeur (m)
0.3LABIT, Kseh (Krem)
0.4LYMOH POTS CAVE & SPRING
0.4LYMOH POTS CAVE, 8th
0.5AA CAVE (Arbenz 2010.02.14)
0.5LYMOH POTS CAVE, 7th
0.5UM MOONINGE 1 (Krem)
0.5LYMOH POTS CAVE, 6th
0.6UM MOONINGE 3 (Krem)
0.6LYMOH POTS CAVE, 5th