Tham Phra Sai Ngam - PS0030
16.624615,100.660210
Location
This resurgence cave is in the central part of the limestone outcrop, 3.5 km east of the H1295 at Ban Mai Thong Prasert. The entrance at the base of the cliff, with a monk living in a nearby shed.
Description
Scrambling up to the entrance a large balcony with a couple of fixed iron ladders helps to negotiate the way down. At the bottom a dry sandy gallery heads in a northerly direction. After 100 m the seasonally active stream passage is entered where two overflow gullies head towards the resurgence. The passage continues partially filled with stagnant water with an average width and height of 5-10 m. After 300 m a large chamber is reached which is filled with a huge sand dune. Only a windy passage at the bottom of the dune gives access to the way on. This section with its distinct watermarks along the walls clearly shows the nearly stagnant flow in the cave after the wet season. The passage continues along the strike of the bedding. In some sections the stream has cut through layers of large cobbles up to 2 m thick. Beyond the windy passage the next landmark is a flowstone bridge. Climbing above the bridge is a high level inlet which is about 250 m long. A couple of hundred metres after the flowstone bridge there is a junction with a passage to the right sumps after 100 m. The main passage continues 2 to 5 m wide and 1 to 3 m high to where the 1997 survey stopped. The way on is the crawl on the right and 100 m past this crawl an inlet at stream level has been explored for 380 m.Another high level inlet on the left 200 m upstream of the first crawl was explored for 280 m. The cave continues for about 400 m in passages approximately 1 m high and active in the wet season. Finally a tight squeeze over a flowstone barrier blocking the entire passage is reached. After negotiating this selective obstacle the final section of Tham Phra Sai Ngam is found, with dimensions increasing to 2 m by 2 m again. The passage ends in a series of high avens interconnected by a tiny water filled meander. The avens seem to provide a significant amount of water during the wet season.
Topographie
RFD April 1997 - UISv2 3-3-F for first 1.3 km of cave KAUFMANN, GEORG; BOLGER, TERRY (1997) SMCC February 2016 - centre-line only survey from end of 1997 survey to end of cave UISv2 6-1-A SMCC February 2018 Grade UISv2 6-3-A from end of 1997 survey to end, plus inlets
Fauna
Haplopelma minax (Thorell, 1897) (Arthropoda, Arachnida, Araneae, Theraphosidae) (Goddard and Ellis 2018) Thereuopoda longicornis (Fabricius, 1793) (Arthropoda, Chilopoda, Scutigeromorpha, Scutigeridae) (Goddard and Ellis 2018) Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier et Valenciennes, 1840) (Chordata, Actinopterygii, Siluriformes, Bagridae) (Vidthayanon and Kottelat 2003) Ompok siluroides La CepÞde, 1803 (Chordata, Actinopterygii, Siluriformes, Siluridae) (Vidthayanon and Kottelat 2003) Schistura deansmarti Vidthayanon et Kottelat, 2003 (Chordata, Actinopterygii, Cypriniformes, Balitoridae) û type locality (Vidthayanon and Kottelat 2003) Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) (Chordata, Actinopterygii, Percifomes, Channidae) (Vidthayanon and Kottelat 2003) Cyrtodactylus auribalteatus Sumontha, Panitvong et Deein, 2010 (Chordata, Reptilia, Squamata, Gekkonidae) (Goddard and Ellis 2018)
Documents
[Topo] Tham Phra Sai Ngam 18/05/2019Bibliography 19/05/2019
- +Bolger, Terry (1999) "Thailand 1997" Australian Caver No. 148 pp21-26 +BRANCELJ, ANTON; BOONYANUSITH, CHAICHAT; WATIROYRAM, SANTI; SANOAMUANG, LA-ORSRI (2013) "The groundwater-dwelling fauna of South East Asiaö Journal of Limnology, Vol. 72 Supplement 2 pp327-344 +COGGAN, MARJORIE; DUNKLEY, JOHN ROBERT; ANDERSON, NEIL (EDS.) (1999) "Tham Sanuk: The Lighter Side Of Caving In Thailand" Canberra, 76pp +DUNKLEY, JOHN ROBERT (1997) "The Caves of Thailand - Addendum 1995-97" Speleological Research Council, Sydney +Ellis, Martin (2018c) "SMCC Thailand Expedition 2018 û Summary" report to the Ghar Pharau Foundation, 5pp +Goddard, Andy (2016) "Thailand Expedition 2016" Shepton Mallet Caving Club Newsletter Vol. 53 No. 2 April 2016 pp40-43 +Goddard, Andy (2018) "Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, Thailand" presentation at Hidden Earth 2018 +Goddard, Andy; Ellis, Martin (2018) "SMCC Expedition to Phitsanulok and Phetchabun 2018" Shepton Mallet Caving Club Journal Series 13 No. 8 pp337-360 +Jones, Colleen (1995a) "Management Suggestions for Caves at Thung Salaeng Luang National Park" Cuso International, unpublished report 10pp +KAUFMANN, GEORG; BOLGER, TERRY (1997) "Thailand 1997. Exploration in the National Parks of Thung Salaeng Luang, Tham Chaoram and Sri Nakarind" Canberra Speleological Society Inc. unpublished report for the Royal Forest Department, Bangkok 26pp +KAUFMANN, GEORG (1997) "Thailand 97. Exploration in the National Parks of Thung Salaeng Luang, Thung Saliam, and Sri Nakarind" International Caver No. 21 pp13-18 +Kottelat, Maurice (2012) "Conspectus cobitidum: An inventory of the loaches of the World (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei)" The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement No. 26 199pp +SMART, DEAN (1997b) "In The Monks Footsteps" Descent No. 137 p23 +SMART, DEAN (1997c) "The Caving Scene: Thailand" The International Caver No. 20 p43 VIDTHAYANON, CHAVALIT; KOTTELAT, MAURICE (2003) " Three new species of fishes from Tham Phra Wang Daeng and Tham Phra Sai Ngam caves in northern Thailand (Teleostei: Cyprinidae and Balitoridae)" Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters Vol. 14 No. 2 pp159-174
History
1997-04-27 D. Smart, D. Glasco, 3 rangers - survey entrance to crawl 2002-01-29 C. Vidthayanon - collected holotype of Schistura deansmarti 2010-04-19 M. Ellis, S. Hall, A. Greer, T. Bolger 2016-02-12 J. Campbell, K. Batten, A. Goddard, S. Howe - centre-line survey of end of cave 2018-02-15 M. Ellis, P. Collett - GPS fix of entrance 2018-02-20 K. Batten, J. Biffin, P. Callister, S. Howe 2018-02-21 K. Batten, J. Biffin, P. Callister, S. Howe, P. Dummer, C. Dummer, M. Butcher, M. Ellis, J. Begley, M. Clayton, E. Porter, E. Sandford
The Tham Phra Sai Ngam Rescue 6-7 April 2021 Page created by Martin ELLIS 21/04/2021 - 11:52, updated 21/04/2021 - 12:11 Print-friendlyPrint-friendly On Sunday 4 April 2021, 46 year old monk Phra Ajarn Manas, on his annual pilgrimage from Nakhon Sawan province, entered Tham Phra Sai Ngam to meditate. This 3 km long cave is on the western edge of the Thung Salaeng Luang National Park, 6 km north of Noen Maprang in Phitsanulok province. While he was in the cave a heavy thunderstorm caused a seasonal sump, 400 m from the entrance, to close trapping him in the cave. As the monk was planning to spend a long time in the cave (he reportedly had some food with him) the alarm wasn’t raised until noon on Tuesday 6 April. The first responders were the local Prasat Boon Sathan rescue foundation and rangers from the National Park. They entered the cave around 17:00, but were stopped by the sump and were out of the cave by 18:00. Rescue operations were then suspended overnight while a full scale rescue operation was initiated, headed by the Governor of Phitsanulok. At 07:00 on Wednesday 7 April there was a planning meeting and by 08:30 a team of 17 local rescuers, including several divers, were on their way into the cave. Meanwhile outside the cave many organisations and volunteers had been mobilized including, but not limited to, Provincial, District and local administrations, the Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, the Thai Army, local rescue foundations, medical teams, the Royal Forest Department, the National Parks Department, a national rescue team from Bangkok, provincial and tourist police. A check-in station in the nearest village had been set up where volunteers and rescuers had to have their temperature taken, register, have their bona fides checked and be issued a pass. Access to the cave was controlled with only one route in and two checkpoints between the road and the cave. At the cave there were ambulances, a generator truck, Army Humvees and most Thai TV stations had a crew there. An estimated 300 people were involved. In the cave four divers from the local rescue team managed to pass the 20 m long and 4 m deep sump and found the monk. Phra Ajarn Manat was given an impromptu diving lesson and was then dived back through the sump. After a short rest, an energy bar and a medical check-up the monk then walked out of the cave, leaving the site in an ambulance at 11:30. Amongst the rescuers three of them sprained their ankles in the streamway, one of them seriously enough to require stretchering out of the cave. With the monk successfully extracted the Governor and rescuers gave press interviews and by noon the whole operation was being rapidly disbanded. Phitsanulok rescue foundation video of the rescue Martin Ellis's blog See hereunder, in French, translated by Thierry Tournier
Secours post siphon en Thaïlande 6-7avril 2021 Récit de Martin Ellis, traduit en français par Thierry Tournier, posté notamment sur la liste de discussion [speleos-fr] Le dimanche 4 avril 2021, le moine Phra Ajarn Manas, 46 ans, lors de son pèlerinage annuel de la province de Nakhon Sawan, est entré dans Tham Phra Sai Ngam pour méditer. Cette grotte de 3 km de long se trouve à l'extrémité ouest du parc national de Thung Salaeng Luang, à 6 km au nord de Noen Maprang dans la province de Phitsanulok. Alors qu'il était dans la grotte, un orage violent a provoqué le remplissage d'un passage bas, à 400 m de l'entrée, Comme le moine prévoyait de passer un long moment dans la grotte (il aurait eu de la nourriture avec lui), l'alarme n'a été déclenchée que le mardi 6 avril à midi. Les premiers intervenants étaient la fondation locale de sauvetage Prasat Boon Sathan et les rangers du parc national. Ils sont entrés dans la grotte vers 17h00, mais ont été arrêtés par le siphon et sont sortis de la grotte à 18h00. Les opérations de sauvetage ont ensuite été suspendues pendant la nuit tandis qu'une opération de sauvetage à grande échelle a été lancée, dirigée par le gouverneur de Phitsanulok. A 07h00 le mercredi 7 avril, une réunion de planification a eu lieu et à 08h30, une équipe de 17 sauveteurs locaux, dont plusieurs plongeurs, était en route vers la grotte. Pendant ce temps, à l'extérieur de la grotte, de nombreuses organisations et volontaires avaient été mobilisés, les administrations provinciales, de district et locales, le Département de la prévention des catastrophes, l'armée thaïlandaise, les fondations de secours locales, les équipes médicales, le Département royal des forêts, le Département des parcs nationaux, une équipe nationale de secours de Bangkok, la police provinciale et touristique. Un poste de commandementr dans le village le plus proche avait été mis en place où les volontaires et les sauveteurs devaient faire prendre leur température, s'enregistrer, faire vérifier leur bonne foi et se voir délivrer un laissez-passer. L'accès à la grotte était contrôlé avec un seul itinéraire et deux points de contrôle entre la route et la grotte. Prèsde la grotte, il y avait des ambulances, un camion générateur, des Humvees de l'armée et la plupart des chaînes de télévision thaïlandaises avaient une équipe là-bas. Environ 300 personnes étaient impliquées. Dans la grotte, quatre plongeurs de l'équipe de sauvetage locale ont réussi à passer le siphon de 20 m de long et 4 m de profondeur et ont trouvé le moine. Phra Ajarn Manat a reçu une leçon de plongée impromptue et a pu frnchir le siphon. Après un court repos, une barre énergétique et un contrôle médical, le moine est ensuite sorti de la grotte, quittant le site dans une ambulance à 11h30. Parmi les sauveteurs, trois d'entre eux se sont foulés les chevilles dans le cours d'eau, l'un d'entre eux suffisamment sérieusement pour exiger de sortir de la grotte en civière. Source : www.thailandcaves.shepton.org.uk/phra-sai-ngam-res…
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Caves nearby
Distance (km) | Name | Length (m) | Depth (m) |
---|---|---|---|
0.1 | Tham Phra Sai Ngam Resurgence - PS0086 | ||
0.3 | Tham Huai Rai - PS0056 | ||
0.6 | Tham Nam Tok - PS0059 | ||
0.7 | Tham Dak Ga Deen Yak - PS0058 | 210 | 7 |
0.8 | Tham Kheu - PS0044 | 245 | 9 |
0.8 | Tham Khang Khao - PS0041 | 4022 | 71 |
2.1 | Tham Khlong Khun Huai Tum Lek - PS0065 | 1035 | 36 |
2.1 | Khlong Khun Huai Tum Resurgence 1 - PS0055 | ||
2.1 | Tham Khlong Khun Huai Tum 3 - PS0078 | 39 | 0 |
BIBLIOGRAPHIE (A déplacer dans la section ad hoc après mise en service de la V3)
* Vidéo du sauvetage des 4-7 avril 2021, sur Facebook : www.facebook.com/watch/?v=745612112824346
BTH (08/05/2021)