Tham Lum Sum [Tham Kra Sae] [KA0039]
14.104880,99.166738
Location
The cave is near Tham Kra Sae railway station, at the northern end of the Wang Pho viaduct, and is accessed by walking along the railway. The cave is well signed from the H323.
Description
A large well decorated cave with good archaeological prospects, from which a few surface finds were collected. The cave has a Buddhist shrine. The cave is 20 x 5-6 x 3m high with a level floor and was used by Allied prisoners of war during the building of the railway. The train passes so close that it is possible to "survey" the cave from the train as it crosses the viaduct. Ostermann (1988) describes it as a temple cave. The description does not fit the site referred to by Sorensen as Lum Sum Rockshelter (KA0309). However, it is similar to and may be the same as Tham Kaen Chan (KA0048).
Fauna
Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides Harada, 1931 (Arthropoda, Crustacea, Maxilliopoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) (Boonyanusith et al. 2013b) Thermocyclops crassus (Fischer, 1853) (Arthropoda, Crustacea, Maxilliopoda, Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) (Boonyanusith et al. 2013b) Epactophanes richardi Mrßzek, 1893 (Arthropoda, Crustacea, Maxilliopoda, Harpacticoida, Canthocamptidae) (Boonyanusith et al. 2013b) Craseonycteris thonglongyai Hill, 1974 (Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Craseonycteridae) (Boonkerd et al. 2005)
Documents
Bibliography 13/08/2019- +Anon. (1997d) "Final Report - Environmental Impact Assessment of the Yadana Natural Gas Pipeline Project" Team Consulting Engineers Co. Ltd. for Petroleum Authority of Thailand, 677p +BOONKERD, KALYANEE; AMORNPURINAN, SANSANEE; WANGHONGSAI, SAWAI (2005) "Food Habits of Kitti's Hog-Nosed Bat (Craseonycteris thonglongyai)" Wildlife Research Division, Royal Forest Department, Bangkok Wildlife Yearbook Vol. 6 +Boonyanusith, Chaichat; Brancelj, Anton; Sanoamuang, La-orsri (2013b) "Species diversity of cave-dwelling Copepods in Kanchanaburi and Ratchaburi Provinces" Proceedings of the Graduate Research Conference 2013, Khon Kaen University, Section SD01 pp33-42 +Conrad, Cyler (2015) "Archaeozoology in Mainland Southeast Asia: Changing Methodology and Pleistocene to Holocene Forager Subsistence Patterns in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia" Open Quaternary Vol. 1 Article 7, 23pp +DUNKLEY, JOHN ROBERT (1995) "The Caves of Thailand" Speleological Research Council, Sydney ISBN 0-9589253-9-9 +HEIDER, K.G. (1957) "New Archaeological Discoveries In Kanchanaburi" Journal of the Siam Society Vol. 45 No. 1 pp62-70 +Hirstwood, Jude (2011) "Hello Kitti" Bats in Beds (Newsletter of the Bedfordshire Bat Group) Vol. 91 January 2011 3pp +Kusch, Heinrich (1982a) "Ergebnisse spelaologischer forschungen in Thailand (Stand 1978)" Die Hohle Vol. 33 No. 2 pp59-69 +MUNIER, CHRISTOPHE (1998) "Sacred Rocks and Buddhist Caves in Thailand" White Lotus Co. Ltd, Bangkok ISBN 974-8434-19-2 266pp +OSTERMANN, JEAN-MICHEL (ED.) (1988) "Thailande 86: Expedition Speleologique" Groupe Speleo Scientifique et Sportif, Perigueux 144pp +PEEK, IAN DENYS (2004) "One Fourteenth of an Elephant" Transworld Publishers, London ISBN 0385 607407 522pp +Siriboon, Thanit; Sutcharit, Chirasak; Naggs, Fred; Rowson, Ben; Panha, Somsak (2014) "Revision of the carnivorous snail genus Indoartemon Forcart, 1946 and a new genus Carinartemis from Thailand (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae): The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Vol. 62 pp161-174 +SÏRENSEN, PER (1962) "The Thai-Danish Prehistoric Expedition 1960-1962 II" Folk Vol. 4 pp28-46 +SÏRENSEN, P. (1988) "Archaeological Excavations In Thailand: Surface Finds and Minor Excavations" Scandinavian Institue of Asian studies Occasional Paper No. 1, Curzon Press, London ISBN 0-7007-0179-6 156pp +VOGT, NILS B. (2013) "Temple Caves & Grottoes in Thailand: A Picture-Guide Book" Booksmango, Bangkok ISBN 978-616-222-160-6 214pp +WHITEHEAD PAUL (n.d. b) "Buddhist Cave Shrines in Kanchanaburi" Wildlife Thailand blog www.wildlifethailand.com/blog/sitemap/79-buddhist-… (accessed September 2012)
Caves nearby
| Distance (km) | Name | Length (m) | Depth (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.6 | Tham Cha Loei [KA0321] | 175 | 0 |
| 3.6 | Tham India - KA0046 | ||
| 4.5 | Tham Charoen Mongkhon - KA0482 | 50 | 0 |
| 4.8 | [Tham Wang Pho 2] Cavite No. 2 - KA0061 | ||
| 5.8 | Tham Wang Pho 4 [Cavite No. 4] [KA0063] | ||
| 6.1 | Tham Wang Pho 3 [Cavite No. 3] [ KA0062] | ||
| 6.5 | Tham Sua Dao - KA0435 | 50 | 0 |
| 7.5 | Tham Sri Sankhan [KA0550] | ||
| 7.6 | Tham Khao Ma - KA0049 |