LABIT, Kseh (Krem)

Herbert Daniel Gebauer - 06/01/2018

The east-facing cave entrance (note 1) is about 8 m high and 5 m (at its top) to 6 m wide (lower two thirds), characterised by a flat-spanned ceiling guided by a bedding plane of the limestone strata (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh), and functions as the epi-vadose resurgence (note 2) for a relatively extensive, in parts perennially active stream cave that drains mostly allochthonous waters, which arrive from the resurgence of Krem –>Dieng Jem in the west, along subterranean conduits towards north-east. Having resurged, the surfacial part of the waters flows for about 200 m generally west along a channel in the open air and join near 25°25'54”N: 92°36'13”E the orographically left (locally WSW) bank of the Kopili river. The cave contains in active stream cave passages several rimstone or gour dams, mud deposits (some mud erosion formations) and in the relic cave passages, which have abandoned by flowing water, not only clean washed floors marked with swirl holes [whirl pols] but also seemingly old bat guano deposits in addition to a variety of speleothems, including eroded relics of secondary calcite formations, gypsum flowers along with cushions of aragonite crystals, and black coloured crystals of an unidentified (manganese?) mineral (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). EVALUATION 2012: Krem Labit Kseh … with fine river passages and beautifully decorated dry relic passages like the Black Diamond and Crystal Gallery (OUR CORRESPONDENT 2012.03.01). EVALUATION 2011: A relatively big river resurgence cave with an impressive stream passage as main feature. About 800 m into the cave a parallel relic passage follows the main direction of the cave which is roughly SW. further parallel passages, wet and dry to the north are still ongoing. The findings of Feb 2010 strongly suggest that the river emerging from Krem Labit Kseh origin from the plains below the village of Samasi flows underground via Krem Tyngheng, Krem Dieng Jem and the Salang Snk Cave to sink in the Krem Labit at Kseh. Unfortunately all the cave passages of Krem Labit, which lead towards the Umkyrpong plain, run into a probably impenetrable disturbance zone (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). EVALUATION 2010: A relatively big river resurgence cave with an impressive stream passage as main feature. About 800 m into the cave, a relic, parallel cave passage follows the main direction of the cave which [upon walking upstream] is roughly SW. Further [currently (February 2010) unexplored but apparently both] wet and dry parallel passages are ongoing to [entering from?] the North (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). EVALUATION 2009: A relatively big river resurgence cave with an impressive stream passage as main feature. About 800 m into the cave, a parallel, relic passage follows the main direction of the cave, which is roughly SW [read: enters from south-west and drains towards approximate north-east]. Traces of a major watr caption project (pipes, hoses and rafts) can be followed to 300 m into the cave, where a natural gour dam has been built up with concrete to form a barrier and a basin (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). ETYMOLOGY: The bat cave, which lies at a walking distance of about two or three kilometres approximately north-east of the village of Kseh (St. Joseph church near 25°25’24.0”N: 92°35’32.9”E: circa 880 m), has been recorded under a variety of cave names (note 3). The cave name -Krem Labit, Kseh- translates as Cave [of the] bat(s) and is specified by the name of one of the nearby villages, which itself is called -Kseh- after pine tree / resinous wood (note 4). Arbenz, T (2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh) points out that there are two relatively large bat colonies of unspecified size in the main passage (it is probably rather the -colonies- (day roosts) than the bats which are comparatively large) and also explains that the cave is known among the Synteng speaking Pnar populatin as -krem labit- (bat cave) whilst -Kseh- is the name of nearest known village and was added to distinguish this Krem Labit from the other caves called Krem Labit. Arbenz, T (2010.02.21 forwarded 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh) confirms: Due to 2 [two relatively] huge bat colonies [day roosts without identified number of individual bats] living in the main stream passage the cave is named Krem Labit (bat cave) by the locals [note 5] -- Kseh was added to make the distinction to other bat caves in Meghalaya. SITUATION, topographically: The Krem Labit near the village of Kseh (note 6) lies at the head of the stream which --but this is mere guesswork-- is possibly called Umkyrpong. According to , the depression on the far side of the hill [25°26'N: 92°36'E] coincides with a spot that was pointed out to me by Gripbymon Dkhar (owner of the Samasi shop and PCO) who took us on a Shaktiman Tour in 2006 when we went over to the resurgence in the Koplie Valley [i.e. Kopili River valley]. Tis is the currently unexplored Koplie Labbit [sic!] that we were told was the resurgence for Tyngheng. The spot that Gripbymon pointed out was in exactly the depression on your map and was where we were told that a cave resurged. … As for Tyngheng if its resurgence is actually closer than Koplie Labbit (as your map would suggest) then it begs the question as to what lies behind Koplie Labbit Resurgence as it is certainly impressive (Brooks, S J 2008.01.29 Mss: Re Jaintia cave registry 2007). Brooks, S J et al. (2010.03.08, 2010.03.12 Overview 2010.doc) locate Krem Labit Kseh in the Kopili Valley and thus somewhere in the area covering only 10'000 square kilometres between 25°25'N: 92°10'E and 26°15'N: 93°15'E (approximately). SITUATION, hydrographically: … the river emerging from Krem Labit Kseh [had one] origin from the plain below Samasi. The water flows through krem Tyngheng, Krem Diengjiem and Krem Salang Sink towards Krem Labit Kseh (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 ss: Krem Labit Kseh). … that it is the same creek that comes down from Samasi, flows through Tyngeng [Krem –>Tyngheng] and Diengjem [Krem –>Dieng Jem], crosses the plain of Umkyrpong where it gets more water from different feeders, goes into salang sink and disappears into a sump only about 150 m short of the [upstream] sump in Labit Kseh (Arbenz, T 2010.03.23 Mss: Re Labit Kseh). POSITION 2011: Applying the effective copy & paste method resulted in an accidental repetition of the inadequate 2008 position (Arbenz, T 2011.07.26 -LabitKsehplan2011.pdf - dated 10.2. 2008 - 24.2.2011) but the erroneous position was declared to result from a chance reading measured by an anonymous recorder at an unspecified time with an unidentified GPS receiver (note 7). POSITION 2010: 25°25'53.45”N: 92°36'06.1”E (±16 m): 716 m asl (±32 m) averaged (omitting the freak positions of 2008 and 2009) from the 2007 position 25°25'53.6”N: 92°36'06.2”E: 733 m asl (unspecified EPE, A. Boycott 2006.02.26 GP Garmin Map 76CS) and the three distinct 2010 positions (note 8) 25°25'53.4”N: 92°36'06.1”E: 703 m asl (either ±14 m, D Cooke, Garmin e-trex Vista, in: Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 version 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh or ±11 m, T. Arbenz, T 2010.02.10, Garmin e-trex Vista in: Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc) 25°25'53.3”N: 92°36'05.9”E: 704 m asl (±18 m, T Arbenz, Garmin e-trex Summit) 25°25'53.5“N: 92°36'06.2”E: 706 m asl (±21 m, R Galloway, Garmin e-trex Summit). POSITION 2009: WGS84 25°25'50.6”N: 92°36'04.7”E (±11 m): 712 m asl (Arbenz, T 2009.02.17, GPS Garmin Etrex Summit) though another position had existed for a short time (note 9). POSITION 2008: WGS84 25°25'52.9”N: 92°36'06.2”E (±6 m or so): 733 m asl (Anonymous 2008 survey data file: Labit Kseh_01) and hence 21.7 m in a direct line due south from POSITION 2007: Unspecified geodetic datum (possibly WGS84) 25°25'53.6”N: 92°36'06.2”E: 733 m asl recorded both Boycott, Antony 'Tony' (2006.0.26 Mss) and Hodgson (2006.02.26 sketch map: Samassi Recci 2006) along with an obviously fake precision error of ±10 m (bogus!) or an even more wishful better than ±10 m (note 10). This GPS position locates the entrance to Krem Labit (Kseh) 547.4 m in a direct line approximately NNW (532 m north and -129 m east) from an unspecified path junction (25°25'36.4”N: 92°36'10.8”E: 750 m asl). APPROACH 2010: Arbenz, T (2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh) noticed not only that much of the vegetation on the approach to the cave entrance had been cleared before February 2010 but also reported the cave tourism-wise good news: Major clearances in 2010. The cave is now very easy to find. To reach the cave entrance from the village [of] Kseh (church N25°25’24.0”: E092°35’32.9”), take the shaktiman-track (in 2009 in a bad condition) down to the football pitch. At the NE end of the pitch (N25°25’30.2”: E092°35’55.4”) a footpath leads steeply down towards the Kopili River (direction rougly NE). After about 10 mins walk, a flat area (meadow and garden) is reached (N25°25’35.0”: E092°36’09.5”). Traverse this on the footpath which again leads downwards from the NE corner. After another 10 mins the banks of the river are reached. Alternatively, the same spot can be reached by jeep: Follow the 4WD track [commencing] opposite [from] the church [and descending] down to the river. Here follow the footpath along the river in a northerly direction. Rely / follow on GPS position N25°25’53.3”: E092°36’06.1- to get to the cave [entrance]. A good sign of the cave being near are the remains of a water capture project --pipes and logs-- scattering the area near the entrance. Due to major clearances in 2010 … the cave [entrance] is now [February 2010] very easy to find (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). APPROACH 2009 (after Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc): From the church (25°25'24.0”N: 92°35'32.9”E a the village of Kseh, take a 4WD-track (in February 2009 in a poor state of repair) to the football pitch (playing ground) where, at the north-east end (25°25'30.2”N: 92°35'55.4”E), a footpath north-east leads steeply down to the Kopili River. After about 10 walking minutes, a level ground (meadow and garden near 25°25'35.0”N: 92°36'09.5”E) is reached. Traverse this on a footpath, which again leads downwards from the NE corner. After another 10 walking minutes, one reaches the jungly banks of the river, where several footpaths lead away into different directions. Take an approximately northerly one downstream and more or less above the west (right) bank the river. To get anywhere close to the vicinity of the cave entrance, which, in February 2009 has been littered with remains (pipes and rafters) of an unfinished water capture project, one has no other choice than to rely on the three but quite disparate GPS readings recorded so far (note 11). APPROACH 2006 (after Boycott, Antny 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss; Krem Labbit, Kseh Village): To reach the Krem Labit near the village of Kseh, drive down through Kseh village, which lies at a linear distance of 6 km [note 12] from Samassi [note 13] via Pala / Bala. Park at the football field [note 14] walk down [100 vertical metres and about 900 m in a direct line ENE] to the Kopili River, at path junction [note 15] turn left [without orientation] and descend across cultivated area into forest, turn right [without identified direction] down [for an unidentified distance] to stream [no name mentioned] which emerges [no flow mentioned] from cave. CAVE DESCRIPTION 2011: The east-facing cave entrance, which lies in the back (west?) of a characteristic pool of water and covers an area with a not yet discovered dimensions, is about 6 m wide [sic!] and 8 m high, the ceiling is flat, following the strata, and about 5 m wide [sic!]. It is facing West [sic! qua: east] and towards the Kopili River. The stream passage is intersectd by several gour dams (on average 1.5 m high) but apart from that has no calcite formations. A side passage of similar dimensions off south from the high gour dam, sumps after 150 m and [on the surface vertically] above it lies [the cave entrance to] Krem Um Mooninge which is linked via Joke Pot [with Krem Labit]. Some 800 m into the cave, the stream passage continues getting lower, but still showing comfortable size (4 m wide, 3 m high). Here, a relic cave passage, triangular in profile (3 m wide, 5 m high), angles off to the south, turns back to SW and forms a relic cave passage [earlier misnamed Fossil Passage] that runs parallel to the active stream passage. The relic passage is very dry, the floor often covered with flaky fragments of roof and walls. No side passages are met with, but some oxbows [bypasses] form smaller parallel passages. Encountered [in the Relic Passage] are patches of [relatively] deep [and apparently] old guano [of unknown depth and unidentified age], sand bnks and [apparently] recent breakdowns. The cave walls are covered with beautiful, black coloured crystals intersected by white gypsum or / and aragonite deposits. Another walking sized [cave] passage off from the high gour dam to the north soon angles off to the west while aquatic [cave] passages and dry bypasses, which enter from SW, are ongoing. Another, walking sized cave passage, which forks off from the high gour dam to the north, soon angels off to the west, again runs parallel to the main stream way, and rejoins the streamway after a good 900 m. Shortly before this junction, another relatively small cave passage leads to the winding Road to Iran, an upper level where visitation terminates in an impenetrable boulder choke. This passage is very nicely decorated with relatively big gypsum flowers and exceptional, black coloured “Labit Kseh” crystals. A pitch in the Road to Iran a pitch descends down into an aquatic main passage, which goes on for another 200 m and leads to a chok. A 13 m high aven, short of the final chamber in the main passage, gains another high level passage. The character of this part of the cave is unstable and lies in the same disturbance and break-up zone into which all of the known cave passages of Krem Labit Kseh seem to run (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2010a: The east-facing cave entrance is about 6 m wide [sic!] and 8 m high, the ceiling is flat, following the strata, and about 5 m wide [sic!]. It is facing West [sic! qua: east] and towards the Kopili River. The stream passage is intersected by several gour dams (on average 1.5 m high) but apart from that has no calcite formations. A side passage of similar dimensions off south from the high gour dam, sumps after 150 m and [on the surface vertically] above it lies [the cave entrance to] Krem Um Mooninge which is linked via Joke Pot [with Krem Labit]. Some 800 m into the cave, the stream passage continues getting lower, but still showing comfrtable size (4 m wide, 3 m high). Here, a relic cave passage with a triangular profile (3 m wide, 5 m high) angles off to the south and turns back to SW to form a relic tunnel parallel to the stream passage. The relic [cave] passage is very dry, the floor often covered with flaky fragments of roof and walls. No side passages are met with, but some oxbows [bypasses] form smaller parallel passages. Encountered are patches of [relatively] deep [and apparently] old guano [of unknown depth and unidentified age] sand banks and occurrences of [apparently] recent breakdowns. The cave walls are covered with beautiful, black coloured crystals intersected by white gypsum or / and aragonite deposits. Another [cave] passage off from the high gour dam to the north it is of walking size and angles off soon to the west. Aquatic [cave] passages and dry bypasses entering from SW are ongoing (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2010b: Brooks, S J et al. (2010.03.08 2010.03.12 Overview 2010.doc) draw attention to so-called new passages which, however, are cave passages much older than the short lived cave visitors (note 16). Upon entering some of these old passages, they gave the impression of including much fine river passage and dry relic passages. CAVE DESCRIPTION 2009: The cave entrance is about 7 m wide and 10 m high, the level and about 5 m wide ceiling follows the local strata of the rock. These features stay about the same for a good 800 m. The stream passage is intersected by several gour dams (average height 1.5 m) but, apart from these, contains no secondary calcite formations. At 500 m into the cave, a 150 m long side passage of similar dimensions leads to a sump. At 800 m into the cave, the stream passage continues getting lower, but still showing comfortable size (4 m wide, 3 m high). Here a relic passage of triangular shape (3 m wide, 5 m high) angles off to the left (south) and turns back to SW to form a relic tunnel parallel to he stream passage. This relic passage is very dry, the floor often covered with flaky fragments of roof and walls. No side passages are met, but some smaller passages form lateral bypasses. Patches of deep, old guano and sand banks are encountered along with traces of recent breakdown events. The walls are covered with beautiful black (!) coloured crystals intersected by white coloured gypsum or / and aragonite deposits. The size and shape of the passage stays more or less the same and is ongoing (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). CAVE DESCRIPTION 2008: Siegenthaler (2008 Mss 14.2.08, Donnerstag) was told that so-called -others- had surveyed, mostly swimming, some 650 m of entrance passage in the river cave Krem Labit Kseh (note 17) whilst Siegenthaler (2008 Mss 15.2.08, Freitag), Elizabeth -Liz- Stead and Anne Vanderplank explored a side passage leading to a relatively large sump of unspecified dimensions. CAVE DESCRIPTION 2006: Entrance 10 m + 12 m continues upstream confimed by Arbenz, T (2006.05.21 Mss: Abstracts.xls): Resurgence open (Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss). CAVE CONTENTS 2011: Oliver Kube, Nicola Bayley and Cdr. Vijay Chhikara noticed in a maze lateral to the main cave passage, which was particularly painful on the knees … some very strange formations, which looked like cave pearls, but were on the vertical face of a small rock. Jayant thinks it could be fungi (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Thursday 10th February 2011). CAVE CONTENTS 2010: Apart from the water pipes (steel tubes) and the man-made, concrete dam (bund) in the entrance area, the cave contains not only speleothems but also natural gour dams and mud deposits (some mud erosion formations) in the stream passage. [Apparently] Old sediments and guano layers in the relic passage. Black [coloured] crystals (manganese?) and gypsum or [perhaps] aragonite in the relic passage. Relic, eroded [secondary] calcite formations (Arbenz, T 2010.0221 v. 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). Nicola Bayley, Cdr. Vijay Chhikara and Oliver Kube noticed in one Flower Power Passage beyond the Road to Iran that the passage as such or, perhaps, the cave passage's surface is covered with a lot of gypsum plates, black crystals and very large gypsum flowers (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 9th February 2011). TACKLE: Cave exploration resulting from survey processes will probably need wetsuit and buoyancy aids (Boycott, Antony 'Tony' 2006.02.26 Mss). Neoprene [wet] suits and life jackets are necessary in addition to a 20 m rope and five bolts & hangers to rig a certain the final pitch above the stream way (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). SPELEOMETRY 2014.11.10: 6801.86 m [survey length], ± 48.86 m (+0.00 m, -48.86 m) [vertical range] (Arbenz, T 201411.10 -Labit Kseh_30.Text- survey data file). SPELEOMETRY 2014.04.05b: Krem Labit Kseh in the Kopili Valley was extended from 7,282 m to ,499 m in length to take it from India’s 9th longest cave to 8th longest. This fine cave that consists of a mix of fine river passage and dry relic passages with marvelous gypsum and aragonite formations is now more or less complete (Brooks, S J & Arbenz, T 2014.04.05 undated Mss: Meghalaya 2014 - Overview (Final).doc). SPELEOMETRY 2014.04.05a: Krem Labit Kseh 7282.48 (Pre 2014) + 127.80 (TT, OC 2/5/14) + 89.00 (TA, PL, FS 2/7/14) = 7499.28 Virtually finished (Anonymous 2014.04.05 Expedition Survey Log 2014 (8-3-2014).xls). SPELEOMETRY 2012.04.21: At a vertical range of ±48.86 (+0.00 m / -48.86 m) a survey length of 5521.70 m (Arbenz, T 2012.04.21 Mss: 5.3.2011 Krem Labit Kseh Feb 2008). SPELEOMETRY 2012.03.01: The 20th edition of the International Cave Expedition under the project Caving in the Abode of the Clouds was able to … the Krem Labit Kseh in the Kopili Valley from 5,694m to 5,992m in length (OUR CORRESPONDENT 2012.03.01). SPELEOMETRY 2011.04.01: At a vertical range of ±48.86(0.00 m / -48.86 m) a survey length of 5521.70 m (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss -Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc- dated 2008 Feb.)SPELEOMETRY 2011.03.05: At a vertical range of ±44.57 m (+0.00 m / -44.57 m) the survey length is 4745.77 m (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss -Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc- dated 2008 Feb.). SPELEOMETRY 2010: A vertical range of ±44.57 m (+0.00 m / -44.57 m) at a survey length of 4745.77 m (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 Mss -Krem Labit Kseh- dated 2008 Feb.). Brooks, S J et al. (2010.03.08, 2010.03.12 Overview 2010.doc) created a statement according to which the Krem Labit Kseh … was extended from 1652 m to 4746 m in length. SPELEOMETRY 2009: Arbenz, T (2009.06.01 Mss: total 2009.xls) lists survey lengths of 768.09 m (18.02.2009) and 883.84 m (pre-2009 survey length) adding up to 1651.93 m (total survey length). Arbenz, T (2009.12.30 cave plan -LabitKsehplan02.1000.pdf- dated 18.2.2009) confirms a survey length of 1651.93 m. Arbenz, T (2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh): 1651.93 / ±30.05 m (+30.00 m / -0.05 m). Brooks (2009.03.10 Mss: Overview 2009): The continued exploration of the excellent river cave of Krem Labbit [sic!] Kseh in the Kopli [sic!] Valley Area taking it from 883 m to 1,652 m in length and very much ongoing (Brooks 2009.03.10 Mss: Overview 2009). SPELEOMETRY 2008: 883 m (Brooks & Brown 2008.02.29 Mss: Overview): Krem Labbit Kseh, Semasi [sic!] area … ongoing or total survey length 883.84 m at a vertical range of ±14.12 m (+14.12 mm / -0.00 m) according to the recorded survey data. CAVE POTENTIAL 2014: Virtually finished [note 18] (anonymous Brooks, S J 2014.04.05 Expedition Survey Log 2014 (8-3-2014).xls). CAVE POTENTIAL 2010: A group of recreational adventurers (Roman Hapka, Jean-Pierre Bartholeyns, Karma Choki Bhutia (Leading Store Assistant, Indian Navy) and Roger Galloway) went to recce the Kopli [sic! qua: Kopili] river. They checked downstream from the end of the path at Umkyrpong, for 500 m in a dug out canoe … Nothing downstream was ound. Then they checked upstream toward Krem Labbit [sic!], all the dry river valleys, two entrances were found and GPS data obtained. On the path to the river four shafts were found and [either the positions were or the cavers got] GPS’d (Anonymous et al. 2010.03.29 Mss: Diary (current) 2010.doc: 9th February 2010). PROSPECTS 2014: The beautiful survey lengths 127.80 (TT, OC 2/5/14) and 89.00 (TA, PL, FS 2/7/14) where successfully added to Krem Labit Kseh 7282.48 (Pre 2014) to result no only in 7499.28 Virtually finished (Anonymous 2014.04.05 Expedition Survey Log 2014 (8-3-2014).xls) in the sense of practically relinquished. PROSPECTS 2011: Both exploration and surveying are terminated (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc) in the sense of -currently abandoned- (February 2011) in spite of the fact that at least the cave part dubbed Never Ending Story, a low side inlet with some water and nice little gour dams near the entrance … surveyed 164 m … is still ongoing but geting so small that it has to be explored “feet first” as there is not enough space to turn around (Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). PROSPECTS 2010.1: Further parallel [cave] passages, wet and dry to the north are still ongoing (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 v. 2010.04.12 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). PROSPECTS 2010.2: Two open [cave] passages await further exploration (Brooks, S J et al. 2010.03.08, 2010.03.12 Overview 2010.doc). PROSPECTS 2009: Both the active stream passage and the Relic Passage (abandoned by flowing water) are wide open and ongoing (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). Arbenz (undated Mss amendment to Brooks, S J et al. (2009.02 Mss -Diary 2009.doc- Tuesday 17th) confirms that … the cave is very much ongoing. PROSPECTS 2008: Ongoing (Brooks & Brown 2008.02.29 Mss: Overview). PROSPECTS 2007: The depression on the far side of the hill … is the currently unexplored Koplie Labbit that we were told was the resurgence for Tynheng. The spot that Gripbymon pointed out was in exactly the depression on your map and was where we were told that a cave resurged. … As for Tyngheng if its resurgence is actually closer than Koplie Labbit (as your map would suggest) then it begs the question as to what lies behind Koplie Labbit Resurgence as it is certainly impressive (Brooks 2008.01.29 personal correspondence: Re: Jaintia cave registry 2007). PROSPECTS 2006: Boycott, Antony 'Tony' (2006.02.26 Mss) judges better than excellent while Brooks (2006 undated Mss: Amendments to Boycott 2006.02.26 Mss: Krem Labbit, Kseh Village) was told Krem Labit (Kseh) is reputed to connect to Krem Tyngheng. JARRATT (2006: 16) presumes this is Another promising cave. CULTURAL HISTORY 1906: It is related that in olden days human victims were sacrificed to the Kopili goddess on the flat table-stone (maw-kynthei) at a place called -Iew Ksih- [note 19] close to the Kopili river. A careful search has been made for this stone, with the reult that a flat table-stone has been found near the above village, where goats are still annually sacrificed to the Kopili. The doloi reports that this is an ancient custom. None can remember, however, having heard that human victims were ever sacrificed there. Yet I do not think it at all unlikely that this is the stone, locally called -Mynlep- [note 20] (GURDON, P R T 1906: 151). CULTURAL HISTORY 2011: Nothing has been observed in the face of obvious bat hunting in addition to an unspecified water capture project (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). CULTURAL HISTORY 2010: At Krem Labbit [sic!] some building work / land clearance was observed (Anonymous et al. 2010.03.29 Mss: Diary (current) 2010.doc: 9th February 2010). CULTURAL HISTORY 2009: Krem Labit (Kseh) is used as water capture (water mine) where, at a walking distance of 300 m from the cave entrance, the storage capacity of a natural gour dam was enlarged by increasing its height with steel-reinforced cement oncrete. The water captured in the artificially improved reservoir is deviated by steel pipes to one or several unidentified sites due to the fact that nothing of cultural relevance is known (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh). CULTURAL HISTORY 2006 - bat hunting ground / fishing ground: Boycott, Antony 'Tony' (2006.02.26 Mss) explains that Krem Labit (Kseh) was, literally quoted, explored by locals [resident people familiar with the area] in dug-out canoes before too shallow, cave continues and observed some kind of fish net [note 21] across river 20 m inside entrance. Entrance dammed in 2005 for irrigation scheme, not yet functioning, work in progress. Was … [difficult to read: afarniral? afarsural ?] bat catchery site. CAVE CLIMATE: At an unidentified time on 9th February 2011 it were Nicola Bayley, Cdr. Vijay Chhikara and Oliver Kube who detected with an unspecified detector and apparently independent of the direction in which way they were moving a faint draught [air urrent] coming towards them (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 9th February 2011). CAVE LIFE: Arthropoda: Crustacea: Decapoda unspecified shrimps or white, poss. Palaemon Cavernicola (Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc) in the sense of unpigmented shrimps (Palaemonidae: Macrobrachium conf. cavernicola Kemp 1924).Arachnida: Aranea: Orthognatha: Aviculariidae (note 22): conf. Selenocosmia aut Chilobrachys. cf. Therasophidae represented by one huge, dark gray [grey coloured], tarantula-like spider (Theraphosidae) to be determined (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc) and juvenile or pre-adult baby spiders of the same kind (Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.01 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc) one huge, dark gray, tarantula-like spider (Theraphosidae, poss. Chiloprachis or Selenocosmia), baby spidersof the same kind (Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Arbenz, T. (undated Mss amendment to Brooks, S J et al. 2009.02 Mss -Diary 2009.doc- Tuesday 17th) narrates one aspect of … experiencing an impressive encounter with a vicious looking spider of the tarantula kind. Simone Buchmann, Thomas Arbenz, Angela Arbenz and Peter Ludwig … photographed another tarantula (Theraphosida, juv.) (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Sunday, 14th February 2011, Monday). cf. Sparassidae pre-adult male huntsman spiders (conf. Heteropodina) called tiger spiders (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.01 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Insecta: Orthoptera crickets (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). crickets (Orthoptera, poss. Rhaphidophoridae) (Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Myriapoda conf. Chilopoda: centipeds (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Millipeds (Diplopoda, conf. Trachiyulus mimus Silvestri 1924) (Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc revised 2011.04.08) identified due to apparent similarity with those -ball-headed- millipeds recorded by Christian W. Fischer in Krem Um Thlu, Shnongrim Ridge (Arbenz, T 2011.04.08 personal correspondence: Meilenfuss). Vertebrata: Pisces: relatively large fish (Boycott, Tony [Antony] 2006.02.26 Mss) of unknownsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colon, wich compare with last 2 years, disappeared completely till the water pipe (Oana) (anonymous Arbenz, T 2013.08.07 Mss: Meghalaya Expedition 2013 Diary). bat roost On Friday 18th Feb 2011 Oana Chachula, Simone Buchmann and Imogen Furlong, noticed up the aven in the boulder choke … at the end of the main passage … a bat roost in residence (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Friday 18th Feb 2011). few bats Boycott, Tony [Antony] (2006.02.26 Mss). Hipposideros diadema (Geoffrey 1813) H. Diadema (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.01 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Ksesize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colonsize. unpigmented fish (not white) (Arbenz, T 2009.02.28 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.21 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2010.02.24 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc). Ranidae: Odorrana chloronota Günther 1875: Khlur Mukhim, Shillong took pictures of a big frog with green back in each of these two caves [Krem Labit, Kseh + Krem Bylliat, Kseh] (anonymous Brooks, S J et al. 2014.04.05 Mss: Diary Meghalaya 2014 Second Edit: 5th Frebruary [sic!] 2014 Wednesday). Chiroptera: 10'000 bats estimated Dr. Manuel Ruedi () in the afternoon (during daytime) on 16th February 2011 when the number of individuals in the day roost …was estimated up to 10'000 of big Hipposideros, mostly of the H. lankadiva species (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: 16th February 2011, Wednesday). bat colony On Tuesday, 6th February 2013 … Oana checked the bat colon, wich compare with last 2 years, disappeared completely till the water pipe (Oana) (anonymous Arbenz, T 2013.08.07 Mss: Meghalaya Expedition 2013 Diary). bat roost On Friday 18th Feb 2011 Oana Chachula, Simone Buchmann and Imogen Furlong, noticed up the aven in the boulder choke … at the end of the main passage … a bat roost in residence (anonymous Arbenz, T et al. 2011.03.27 undated Mss: 2011 Diary.doc: Friday 18th Feb 2011). few bats Boycott, Tony [Antony] (2006.02.26 Mss). Hipposideros diadema (Geoffrey 1813) H. Diadema (Arbenz, T 2011.03.05 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.01 Mss: Krem Labit Kseh_Rec.doc; Arbenz, T 2011.04.02 Mss: Krem Labit Kse