JWALA MUKHI, Dailekh

Herbert Daniel Gebauer - 06/01/2018

Three sacred springs, which have been said not only to emit both very hot water and flames (jwala) but also to rise from small holes (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281 after Sadhu Ram Upadhyaya), serve as a religious industry outlet (cult spot) and provide a pilgrimage goal (note 1). ETYMOLOGY: The name of this cult spot has (or will be) transcribed, edited or printed as Jooalamookhi KIRKPATRICK, W J (1811: 301) Jualamukhi no instance of use has yet been recorded (look and see) Jwalamukhi no instance of use has yet been recorded (look and see) Soorujamookhi KIRKPATRICK, W J (1811: 301) Suryamukhi no instance of use has yet been recorded (look and see) at Dalu Basandra HAMILTON BUCHANAN, F (1819 edited 2009: 281, 282, 283, 285, 289) Dalu Bassandra HAMILTON, W (1820, 2: 702); HAMILTON, W (1828, 1: 524) Dalubasandra HAMILTON BUCHANAN, F (1819 edited 2009: 286) Dooloo Bassundar HAMILTON, W (1820, 2: 702) Dooloo Bussundar HAMILTON, W (1828, 1: 524) Doulu Bassender KIRKPATRICK, W J (811: 291 after Rennell and that's it) Dullu - Bilaspur GURUNG, H (1996: 54 no. 170) SITUATION: Apparently somewhere in the vicinity of the village of Dullu (note 2), which lies about 11 km or 12 km in a direct line north-west from Dailekh (note 3), the district capital, and high up on the crest of a spur forming the interflve between the orographically left (east) bank of the Karnali River and the right (west) bank of the Chham Gad. SITUATION 1793: West of Jagher-kote [note 4], 25 ghurries [note 5], is Jooalamookhi [note 6], or Soorujamookhi [note 7] (KIRKPATRICK, W J 1811: 301). SITUATION 1814: According to Sadhu Ram (note 8) in the country called Bilaspur (note 9) but according to the two Nidhis [note 10] it was called Dalu Dailek, a name which should be preferred, as farther west there is another Bilaspur [note 11]. The chief town is at Mathagari, where the government of Nepal, since the conquest, has built a fort. It is probable that Mathagari is the name of this fort, and that he former town was called Bilaspur, but I did not hear this mentioned (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1819: There are three springs (Kunds) supposed to issue from the head, navel, and feet of Vishnu, (Sirasthan, Nabhisthan, and Padukasthan). The central one is about 1 1/2 cose [note 12] from each of the extreme springs. At each place, according to Sadhu Ram, who once performed the pilgrimage, there is a small natural pool without any building. The water springs from the sand in the bottoms of the pools, and is very hot. Above the small holes from whence the water issues, of which there are several in each pool, a flame appears on the surface of the water (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1820: Dooloo Bassundar (Dalu Basandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage, where there are three coonds or hot springs. According to native accounts a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes from whence the water issues (HAILTON, W 1820, 2: 702-703). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1828: Dooloo Bussundar (Dalu Bassandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage in Northern Hindostan, where there are three coonds or springs. According to native accounts, a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes, from whence the water issues (HAMILTON, W 1828, 1: 524).he former town was called Bilaspur, but I did not hear this mentioned (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1819: There are three springs (Kunds) supposed to issue from the head, navel, and feet of Vishnu, (Sirasthan, Nabhisthan, and Padukasthan). The central one is about 1 1/2 cose [note 12] from each of the extreme springs. At each place, according to Sadhu Ram, who once performed the pilgrimage, there is a small natural pool without any building. The water springs from the sand in the bottoms of the pools, and is very hot. Above the small holes from whence the water issues, of which there are several in each pool, a flame appears on the surface of the water (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1820: Dooloo Bassundar (Dalu Basandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage, where there are three coonds or hot springs. According to native accounts a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes from whence the water issues (HAhe former town was called Bilaspur, but I did not hear this mentioned (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1819: There are three springs (Kunds) supposed to issue from the head, navel, and feet of Vishnu, (Sirasthan, Nabhisthan, and Padukasthan). The central one is about 1 1/2 cose [note 12] from each of the extreme springs. At each place, according to Sadhu Ram, who once performed the pilgrimage, there is a small natural pool without any building. The water springs from the sand in the bottoms of the pools, and is very hot. Above the small holes from whence the water issues, of which there are several in each pool, a flame appears on the surface of the water (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1820: Dooloo Bassundar (Dalu Basandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage, where there are three coonds or hot springs. According to native accounts a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes from whence the water issues (HAhe former town was called Bilaspur, but I did not hear this mentioned (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1819: There are three springs (Kunds) supposed to issue from the head, navel, and feet of Vishnu, (Sirasthan, Nabhisthan, and Padukasthan). The central one is about 1 1/2 cose [note 12] from each of the extreme springs. At each place, according to Sadhu Ram, who once performed the pilgrimage, there is a small natural pool without any building. The water springs from the sand in the bottoms of the pools, and is very hot. Above the small holes from whence the water issues, of which there are several in each pool, a flame appears on the surface of the water (HAMILTON BUCHANAN 1819 edited 2009: 281). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1820: Dooloo Bassundar (Dalu Basandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage, where there are three coonds or hot springs. According to native accounts a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes from whence the water issues (HAILTON, W 1820, 2: 702-703). SPRING DESCRIPTION 1828: Dooloo Bussundar (Dalu Bassandra).-- A Hindoo place of pilgrimage in Northern Hindostan, where there are three coonds or springs. According to native accounts, a flame appears on the surface of the water above the small holes, from whence the water issues (HAMILTON, W 1828, 1: 524).