KHARVALI CAVE, Karanja
18.850000,72.950000
Description
A »Buddhist rock-cut chapel« (vihara; man-made, rock-cut chamber used for religious purposes) excavated from Deccan trap rocks (note 1). IDENTITY: Compare the –>Dronagiri "Caves" (Bombay: Karanja)SITUATION 1861: »Near the northern end of the island Carinja« (CARTER, H C 1861: 167-168) or Karanja Island (note 2) where AMS sheet NE43-05 Bombay (U502 series, 1960 edition) shows a 214 m high hill called »Kharavli 702« at N18°54': E72°55' (nima.mil/geonames accessed 16.11.2003).SITUATION 1908: : »On the east face of Kharvali [Kharavali], the north hill peak« (note 3) on the Karanja Peninsula (note 4), which lies »in the south-east of Bombay harbour, and about 6 miles south-east of the Carnac Bandar of Bombay« (IMPERIAL GAZETTEER 1907-1909, 15: 22, 23). CAVE DESCRIPTION 1861: »Two insignificant Cave-temples« carved from a particularly solid »trap bed« (CARTER, H C 1861: 167-168).
NOTE 1: »The northern mountain, or Little Carinja [i.e. Kharvali Hill, on Karanja peninsula] is but a little lower in its highest part than its companion [Karanja Mountain, Great Carinja Mountain, Krauncha Mountain, Dronagiri], consists of a trifid basaltic dyke, which, starting from the summit or Great Trogonometrical Survey Station, which is marked by a little white tomb, extends N. by W. and S. by E. in one direction, and about S.W. from the summit of the other« (CARTER, H C 1861: 167). NOTE 2: »Carinja island« (CARTER, H C 1861: 167) is indicated as »Karanja Island« near N18°57': E72°57' on AMS sheet NE43-05 Bombay (U502 series, 1960 edition) and erroneously positioned a full minute off north at N19°52': E72°57' (nima.mil/geonames accessed 16.11.2003) and thus at a spot which would fall on AMS sheet NE-43-01 Kalyan. NOTE 3: »Kharvali, the north hill peak« (IMPERIAL GAZETTEER 1907-1909, 15: 23) or »Kharavli« N18°54': E72°55' (nima.mil/geonames accessed 16.11.2003) which is shown to culminate at 702 feet (214 m asl) on AMS sheet NE43-05 Bombay (U502 series, 1956 edition).NOTE 4: »Karanja.— Peninsula, village, and petty division (petha) in the Panvel taluka of Kolaba district …« at N18°51': E72°57' (Everest 1830): »On a clear day the peninsula can be distinguished plainly, and apparently but a mile or two distant, from Bombay. It is 8 miles long and four broad [13 by 6 km]. The peninsula consists of two rocky hills … The most noteworthy ruins are on the summit of Dronagiri, the southern of the two hill peaks, including … rock-temple …« (IMPERIAL GAZETTEER 1907-1909, 15: 22). »Karanj. A tree bearing beans which yield oil, Pongamia glabra« (IMPERIAL GAZETTEER 1907-1909, 25: xv).
Cavités proche
| Distance (km) | Nom | Longueur (m) | Profondeur (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.8 | KARTTIKEYA, Karanja / Dronagiri (Cave of) | ||
| 1.9 | DRONAGIRI CAVES, Bombay: Karanja | ||
| 12.2 | Elephanta Caves | ||
| 17.5 | MAHAKALI CAVES, Mumbai: Udayagiri | ||
| 17.5 | KONDIVATE CAVES | ||
| 18.4 | KARNALA UNDERGROUND | ||
| 19.3 | GARBH YONI, Malabar | ||
| 19.7 | SEWRI CAVES (Caves at) | ||
| 34.8 | JOGESHWARI CAVES |