KARNALA UNDERGROUND
18.900000,73.116700
Description
Either a »very small artificial underground« (BROSSET 1962c: 602) or a man-made, rock-cut »cave« (BROSSET, H 1961: 442, 443) consists of an »underground, dark with a patch of permanent water in the bottom« (BROSSET, H 1962a: 208-209; 1962c: 596). SITUATION: Somewhere »near Funnel Hill« (BROSSET, H 1962a: 208-209; 1962c: 596, 602). IMPERIAL GAZETTEER 1907-1909, 15: 59): »Karnala (or Funnel Hill).– Fort and hill [note 1] in the Panvel taluka of Kolaba district … a few miles north-west of Vegavati river, and eight miles [12 km in a direct line] south of Fanvel [sic! for: Panvel N18°59': E73°06']. Karnala commands the the high road between the Bor pass [Bor Ghat, Borghat, N18°46': E73°22'] and the Panvel and Apta rivers. The hill has an upper and a lower fort. In the centre of the upper fort is the 'funnel', an almost inaccessible basalt pillar about 120 feet [40 m] high, locally known as the Pandu's tower.« CAVE LIFE: Chiroptera (bats): Megaderma lyra (BROSSET, H 1961: 442), Rhinolophus rouxi Temminck 1835 (BROSSET, H 1962a: 208-209; 1962c: 596); Rhinolophus lepidus Blyth 1844 (BROSSET 1961: 443, 1962c: 602).
NOTE 1: Karnala, peak 18°54'N: 73°07'E (nima.mil/geonames accessed 16.11.2003) lies about 15 km (India Road Atlas, Eicher Goodearth 2006: 90 B2) along the National Highway NH4C south of Panvel (18°59'N: 73°06'E).
Cavités proche
| Distance (km) | Nom | Longueur (m) | Profondeur (m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16.6 | MAHAKALI CAVES, Mumbai: Udayagiri | ||
| 16.6 | KONDIVATE CAVES | ||
| 17.9 | DRONAGIRI CAVES, Bombay: Karanja | ||
| 18.3 | PANTHER's CAVE, Matheran | ||
| 18.3 | ONE KISS TUNNEL, Matheran | ||
| 18.4 | KHARVALI CAVE, Karanja | ||
| 20.1 | KARTTIKEYA, Karanja / Dronagiri (Cave of) | ||
| 20.6 | Elephanta Caves | ||
| 23.3 | KALI, Malangher (Cave of) |